Quantitative Steinitz theorem: a spherical version
The paper under review presents a spherical analogue of a quantitative version of a classical result by Steinitz originally established by Bárány. The Euclidean version (which will imply the spherical one, as shown by the authors) asserts the following:\N\N\textbf{Theorem 1.} Let \(Q\) be a subset of \(\mathbb{R}^d\) whose convex hull contains the Euclidean unit ball \(\mathbf{B}^d(o,1)\) centered at the origin \(o\). Then there exists a set \(Q'\) of at most \(2d\) points of \(Q\) that satisfies\N\[\N\mathbf{B}^d(o,r) \subset \operatorname{conv} Q'\N\]\Nwith some \(r>0\) depending only on \(d\).\N\NHere \(\operatorname{conv}A\) denotes the convex hull of a set \(A\subset\mathbb{R}^d\).\N\NTo establish the spherical counterpart, the authors use the notion of a spherical cap,\N\[\N\mathrm{Cap}(v,\rho)=\{u\in\mathbb{S}^d:\langle u,v\rangle\geq \cos\rho\},\N\]\Nas well as the notion of spherical convexity: a set \(K\subset\mathbb{S}^d\) is said to be \textit{spherically convex} if it is either \(\mathbb{S}^d\) itself or is contained in an open hemisphere, and for any two points \(u,v\in K\), the shorter great circular arc joining them is contained in \(K\). The spherical convex hull of a subset \(A\subset\mathbb{S}^d\), denoted \(\mathrm{Sconv}(A)\), is defined accordingly and is known to be uniquely determined for any such \(A\).\N\NThe main spherical extension then reads as follows.\N\N\textbf{Theorem 2.} Let \(C\) be a subset of \(\mathbb{S}^d\), with \(d\ge2\), whose spherical convex hull contains the cap \(\operatorname{Cap}(e_{d+1},\rho)\) for some \(\rho\in(0,\pi/2)\). Then there exists a set \(C'\) of at most \(2d\) points of \(C\) that satisfies\N\[\N\operatorname{Cap}(e_{d+1},\gamma\rho)\subset\operatorname{Sconv}(C')\N\]\Nwith some \(\gamma>0\) depending only on \(d\).\N\NLetting \(\gamma(d)\) denote the supremum of the possible values of \(\gamma\) in Theorem~2, and \(r(d)\) that of \(r\) in Theorem~1, the authors establish a quantitative relationship between these constants:\N\N\textbf{Theorem 3.} Let \(r(d)\) and \(\gamma(d)\) denote the supremum values of \(r\) and \(\gamma\), making the conclusions of Theorems~1 and~2 true, respectively. Then, for any dimension \(d\ge2\),\N\[\Nr(d)\ge\gamma(d)\ge\frac{r(d)}{2}.\N\]\NFinally, from Theorem~3 and known lower bounds on \(r(d)\), the following explicit consequence is derived.\N\N\textbf{Corollary 1.1.} Let \(C\subset\mathbb{S}^d\), with \(d\ge2\), be a subset whose spherical convex hull contains the cap \(\mathrm{Cap}(e_{d+1},\rho)\) for some \(\rho\in(0,\pi/2)\). Then there exists a set \(C'\) of at most \(2d\) points of \(C\) that satisfies\N\[\N\mathrm{Cap}\left(e_{d+1},\rho\cdot\frac{r}{2}\right)\subset\mathrm{Sconv}(C')\N\]\Nfor any \(r\in(0,r(d))\).
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