Quantitative quasiperiodicity

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/AA84C2MaRDI QIDQ4597519zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Suddhasattwa Das, Yoshitaka Saiki, Evelyn Sander, James A. Yorke

Publication date 13 December 2017

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.06051

Birkhoff ergodic theorem Hamiltonian system quasiperiodicity rotation number

Ergodic theorems, spectral theory, Markov operators (37A30) Computational methods for ergodic theory (approximation of invariant measures, computation of Lyapunov exponents, entropy, etc.) (37M25)

Abstract: The Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem concludes that time averages, i.e., Birkhoff averages,

S i g m a_{n = 0}^{N - 1} f (x_{n}) / N

of a function

f

along a length

N

ergodic trajectory

(x_{n})

of a function

T

converge to the space average

i n t f d m u

, where

m u

is the unique invariant probability measure. Convergence of the time average to the space average is slow. We introduce a modified average of

f (x_{n})

by giving very small weights to the "end" terms when

n

is near

0

or

N - 1

. When

(x_{n})

is a trajectory on a quasiperiodic torus and

f

and

T

are

C^{i} n f t y

, we show that our weighted Birkhoff averages converge 'super" fast to

i n t f d m u

with respect to the number of iterates

N

, i.e. with error decaying faster than

N^{- m}

for every integer

m

. Our goal is to show that our weighted Birkhoff average is a powerful computational tool, and this paper illustrates its use for several examples where the quasiperiodic set is one or two dimensional. In particular, we compute rotation numbers and conjugacies (i.e. changes of variables) and their Fourier series, often with 30-digit accuracy.

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