Quantum key distribution based on orthogonal states allows secure quantum bit commitment

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/44/44/445305MaRDI QIDQ3102250zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Guang Ping He

Publication date 2 December 2011

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1101.4587

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum coding (general) (81P70) Quantum cryptography (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P94) Cryptography (94A60)

Abstract: For more than a decade, it was believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment (QBC) is impossible. But basing on a previously proposed quantum key distribution scheme using orthogonal states, here we build a QBC protocol in which the density matrices of the quantum states encoding the commitment do not satisfy a crucial condition on which the no-go proofs of QBC are based. Thus the no-go proofs could be evaded. Our protocol is fault-tolerant and very feasible with currently available technology. It reopens the venue for other "post-cold-war" multi-party cryptographic protocols, e.g., quantum bit string commitment and quantum strong coin tossing with an arbitrarily small bias. This result also has a strong influence on the Clifton-Bub-Halvorson theorem which suggests that quantum theory could be characterized in terms of information-theoretic constraints.

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