Random Artin groups

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The authors introduce a model of random Artin groups based on labelled defining graphs. For \(N\ge 1\) and \(M\ge 2\), they consider the family \(\mathcal{G}_{N,M}\) of defining graphs with \(N\) vertices and coefficients in \(\{2,3,\dots,M\}\) on edges and \(m_{ab}=1\) when \(a,b\) are not connected. To relate the growth of the rank and the set of permitted coefficients, they set \(M=f(N)\) for a function \(f:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}\) and study, for a family \(\mathcal{A}_{\mathcal{F}}\) coming from a family of graphs \(\mathcal{F}\), the limit of \(\#(\mathcal{F}\cap \mathcal{G}_{N,f(N)})/\#(\mathcal{G}_{N,f(N)})\) as \(N\to\infty\), interpreting it as the probability that a random graph in \(\mathcal{G}_{N,f(N)}\) yields an Artin group in \(\mathcal{A}_{\mathcal{F}}\).\N\NTheorem~1.1 identifies uniformly large and uniformly small classes: irreducible Artin groups and Artin groups with connected defining graphs are uniformly large, while Artin groups of type FC are uniformly small; the same conclusion is stated for RAAGs and triangle-free Artin groups. Theorem~1.2 gives a threshold at \(f(N)\sim N^{2}\) for families defined by forbidding finitely many coefficients from defining graphs, distinguishing the regimes \(f(N)\succ N^{2}\), \(f(N)\prec N^{2}\) and \(f(N)\sim N^{2}\). Theorem~1.3 gives a threshold at \(f(N)\sim N^{3/2}\) for being \(2\)-dimensional. Theorem~1.4 lists properties that hold asymptotically almost surely when \(f(N)\succ N^{3/2}\) (including torsion-freeness, trivial centre, solvable word and conjugacy problem, the \(K(\pi,1)\)-conjecture, closure of parabolic subgroups under intersections, acylindrical hyperbolicity, the Tits alternative and not being virtually cocompactly cubulated) and adds further properties when \(f(N)\succ N^{2}\) (including being CAT(0), hierarchically hyperbolic, systolic and hence biautomatic, rigid and a description of \(\mathrm{Out}(A_\Gamma)\)).











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