Realizability of fusion systems by discrete groups

Sylow subgroups, Sylow properties, (pi)-groups, (pi)-structure (20D20) Periodic groups; locally finite groups (20F50) Linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields (20G15) General properties and structure of real Lie groups (22E15) Classifying spaces of groups and (H)-spaces in algebraic topology (55R35)

Review text

The paper studies realizability for saturated fusion systems over discrete \(p\)-toral groups. It compares several notions of realizability and focuses on sequential realizability: a fusion system \(\mathcal{F}\) over \(S\) is sequentially realizable if it is the union of an increasing sequence of saturated fusion subsystems over finite subgroups of \(S\), each realized by a finite group.\N\NOne main result shows that, for fusion systems over finite \(p\)-groups, this notion gives no new examples: if \(\mathcal{F}\) is saturated over a finite \(p\)-group \(S\) and is sequentially realizable, or is realized by a locally finite group containing \(S\) as a maximal \(p\)-subgroup, then \(\mathcal{F}\) is realized by a finite group containing \(S\) as a Sylow \(p\)-subgroup. The paper also proves that if \(G\) is a compact Lie group, \(p\) is a prime and \(S\in \mathrm{Syl}_{p}(G)\), then there is a linear torsion group \(\Gamma\) in characteristic different from \(p\) such that \(\mathcal{F}_{S_\Gamma}(\Gamma)\cong \mathcal{F}_{S}(G)\) for some \(S\Gamma\in \mathrm{Syl}_{p}(\Gamma)\). Thus \(\mathcal{F}_S(G)\) is sequentially realizable.\N\NThe main obstruction theorem gives structural restrictions on sequentially realizable fusion systems over infinite discrete \(p\)-toral groups. In particular, under the hypotheses stated in the paper, with \(T\) the identity component of \(S\) and \(W=\mathrm{Aut}_{\mathcal{F}}(T)\), sequential realizability forces \(W\) to contain a normal subgroup of index prime to \(p\) from the list in Proposition 6.10. This criterion is applied to fusion systems of simple connected \(p\)-compact groups and to simple fusion systems over non-abelian infinite discrete \(p\)-toral groups with a discrete \(p\)-torus of index \(p\). The paper also proves that, for a compact connected Lie group \(G\), if \(p\) divides the order of the Weyl group of \(G\), then \(\mathcal{F}_S(G)\) is not realized by any linear torsion group in characteristic \(0\).

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