Regular and positive noncommutative rational functions

DOI10.1112/JLMS.12030MaRDI QIDQ5357277zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Igor Klep, Jurij Volčič, James Eldred Pascoe

Publication date 14 September 2017

Published in Journal of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.03188

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Real algebra (13J30) Matrix pencils (15A22) Infinite-dimensional and general division rings (16K40) Real rational functions (26C15) Linear operator inequalities (47A63) Convex sets and cones of operators (47L07)

Abstract: Call a noncommutative rational function $r$ regular if it has no singularities, i.e., $r(X)$ is defined for all tuples of self-adjoint matrices $X$. In this article regular noncommutative rational functions $r$ are characterized via the properties of their (minimal size) linear systems realizations $r=c^{\ast }{L}^{-1}b$. It is shown that $r$ is regular if and only if $L=A_0+su{m}_j{A}_j{x}_j$ is privileged. Roughly speaking, a linear pencil $L$ is privileged if, after a finite sequence of basis changes and restrictions, the real part of $A_0$ is positive definite and the other $A_j$ are skew-adjoint. The second main result is a solution to a noncommutative version of Hilbert's 17th problem: a positive regular noncommutative rational function is a sum of squares.

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Cited in

(14)

• Noncommutative rational functions, their difference-differential calculus and realizations
• Noncommutative polynomials describing convex sets
• Polystability in positive characteristic and degree lower bounds for invariant rings
• Blaschke-singular-outer factorization of free non-commutative functions
• Extension of the Bessmertnyĭ realization theorem for rational functions of several complex variables
• Plurisubharmonic noncommutative rational functions
• Positivstellensätze for noncommutative rational expressions
• Realizations of non-commutative rational functions around a matrix centre. I: synthesis, minimal realizations and evaluation on stably finite algebras
• Hilbert's 17th problem in free skew fields
• Stable Noncommutative Polynomials and Their Determinantal Representations
• Globally trace-positive noncommutative polynomials and the unbounded tracial moment problem
• Mesoscopic spectral CLT for block correlated random matrices
• On domains of noncommutative rational functions
• Noncommutative rational functions invariant under the action of a finite solvable group

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