Regular maps with square-free Euler characteristic
Let \(\mathcal{M}=(V,E,F)\) be a map with vertex set \(V\), edge set \(E\) and face set \(F\). Denote by \(\chi(\mathcal{M})\) the Euler characteristic of \(\mathcal{M}\). Suppose that \(\mathcal{M}\) is a map of square-free Euler characteristic and let \(G = \mathrm{Aut}(\mathcal{M})\). If \(G\) is transitive on the flags of \(\mathcal{M}\), then \(\mathcal{M}\) is said to be a regular map. In this case, each Sylow subgroup of \(G\) has a cyclic or dihedral subgroup of prime index.\N\NDenote by \(C_n\) a cyclic group of order \(n\) and by \(D_{2n}\) a dihedral group of order \(2n\).\N\NThe authors classify the finite non-solvable groups \(G\) in which each Sylow subgroup has a cyclic or dihedral subgroup of prime index: \(G = (C \circ N).\mathcal{O}\), where \(C\) is solvable, \(N\) is one of the groups \(A_7\), \(2.A_7, M_{11}\), \(J_1\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(8)\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(p)\), \(\mathrm{SL}_2(p)\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2( p^2 )\), \(\mathrm{SL}_2(p^2)\) or \(C_n^2 :\mathrm{SL}_2(5)\) with \(n\) square-free and \(\mathcal{O}\leqslant \mathrm{Out}(N)\).\N\NNext, assume that \(\mathcal{M}\) is a regular map such that \(G = \mathrm{Aut}(\mathcal{M})\) is a non-solvable group. The authors classify these groups \(G\), under the hypothesis that \(\gcd(|G|, \chi(\mathcal{M}))\) is square-free:\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[1.] \(G\) is one of the groups \(J_1\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(8)\), \(D_{2n}\times \mathrm{PSL}_2(p)\) with \(n\) odd and \(p\neq 7\), \(D_{2n}\times \mathrm{PSL}_2(p^2)\) with \(\gcd(n,2p)=1\) and \(p\neq 3\);\N\item[2.] \(G=(C\times N).C_2\), where \(C\) is a solvable group and \(N=A_7\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(p)\), \(\mathrm{PSL}_2(p^2)\);\N\item[3.] \(G=(C\circ N).C_2\), where \(C\) is a solvable group and \(N=\mathrm{SL}_2(p)\), \(\mathrm{SL}_2(p^2)\);\N\item[4.] \(G=(C\times \mathrm{PSL}_2(p^2)).C_2^2\) or \(G=(C\circ \mathrm{SL}_2(p^2)).C_2^2\), where \(C\) is a solvable group.\N\end{itemize}\N\NIn the last section, the authors construct various examples with \(\gcd(|G|, \chi(\mathcal{M}))\) square-free. For instance, let \(G = \mathrm{PSL}_2( p^ 2 )\) or \(\mathrm{PGL}_2(p^ 2 )\), where \(p\) is odd and \(p^2 + 1\) is square-free. Then, there exist regular maps \(\mathcal{M}\) such that \(\Aut(\mathcal{M}) = G\) and \N\[\N\chi(\mathcal{M})=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} -\frac{1}{4} p(p^2 + 1)(p^3 - 2p^2 - 3p + 2) & \text{if } G = \mathrm{PGL}_2(p^2 ),\\\N-\frac{1}{8}p(p^2 + 1)(p^3 - 2p^2 -5p + 2) & \text{if } G = \mathrm{PSL}_2(p^ 2 ) \text{ with } p \neq 3. \end{array}\right.\N\]
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