Relationships of properties of piecewise affine maps over ordered fields

cell eigenvalue conditions face nonexpansiveness onto condition openness ordered field orientation piecewise affine maps representation subdivision univalence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordered fields (12J15) Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) (15B33)

Review text

Let G be an ordered field, and let \(G^{m\times n}\) denote matrices with elements in G. In the G-vector space \(G^ n=G^{n\times 1}\) the norm \(\| \|_{\infty}\) defined by the absolute value in G induces a topology on \(G^ n\). A set \(\sigma \subseteq G^ n\) is called a cell if it can be represented as \(\{x\in G^ n:\) Ax\(\leq a\}\) for some \(A\in G^{p\times n}\) and \(a\in G^ n\). Then (p,A,a) is refered as a representation of \(\sigma\). A subset \(\tau\) of a cell \(\sigma\) is called a face of \(\sigma\), if \(\tau =\emptyset\), or \(\tau =\sigma\), or \(\tau =\{x\in \sigma:\) \(A_{\alpha}x\leq a_{\alpha}\}\) for some subsequence \(\alpha\) of 1,2,...,n, where \(A_{\alpha}\) and \(a_{\alpha}\) are corresponding submatrices. A finite collection \({\mathcal S}\) of cells in \(R^ n\) is said to be a subdivision of \(G^ n\) if (a) \({\mathcal S}\) covers \(G^ n\), (b) each face of each cell in \({\mathcal S}\) is also in \({\mathcal S}\), (c) each cell in \({\mathcal S}\) is a face of some cell in \({\mathcal S}^ n\), the set of all cells in \({\mathcal S}\) of dimension n, and (d) the intersection of any two cells of \({\mathcal S}\) is a face, perhaps empty, of both cells. If \((p_{\sigma},A_{\sigma},a_{\sigma})\) is a representation of \(\sigma\), then \(((p_{\sigma},A_{\sigma},a_{\sigma}):\sigma\in {\mathcal S})\) is refered as a representation of \({\mathcal S}.\) A function f: \(G^ n\to G^ k\) is defined to be piecewise affine with respect to \({\mathcal S}\), or \({\mathcal S}-PA\), if f is affine on each cell \(\sigma\) in \({\mathcal S}\), i.e. if \(f(x)=B_{\sigma}x+b_{\sigma}\) for all \(x\in \sigma\). In this case, \(((B_{\sigma},b_{\sigma}):\sigma\in {\mathcal S}^ n)\) is refered as \({\mathcal S}\)-representation of f. A function f: \(G^ n\to G^ k\) is said to be PA map if f is \({\mathcal S}-PA\) for some subdivision \({\mathcal S}\) of \(G^ n.\) In this paper, the authors study the relationships between some properties of PA maps as local and global variation of univalence, openness, onto condition, nonexpansiveness, and orientation and eigenvalue conditions on derivatives. Using two general transfer principles, they extend a subdivision \({\mathcal S}\) of \(G^ n\) to a subdivision \({\mathcal S}_ H\) of \(H^ n_ n\) with the same representation, and then define PA extension \(f_ H:\) \(H^ n\to H^ k\) of a PA map f: \(G^ n_ n\to G^ k\) by an \(S_ H\)-representation corresponding to \({\mathcal S}\)-representation of f. Using these principles, the authors show that most of the mentioned properties of f are preserved at the maps \(f_ H\) are extended to larger ordered fields H.

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