Relative fixed points of functors
Relative fixed points of functors, after relative terminal coalgebras [\textit{J. Adámek} and \textit{V. Trnková}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 216, No. 8--9, 1887--1895 (2012; Zbl 1266.18002)] and relatively initial algebras [\textit{J. Adámek} et al., Appl. Categ. Struct. 24, No. 5, 649--661 (2016; Zbl 1375.18013)], provide a fresh perspective on ca-morphisms. Previous work has mostly focused on cases where there is a unique ca-morphism, via the notions of recursive algebras and corecursive coalgebras [\textit{V. Capretta} et al., Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 5902, 84--100 (2009; Zbl 1266.68083)]. However, it was argued in [\textit{M. Hauhs} and \textit{B. Trancón y Widemann}, Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 264, No. 2, 105--123 (2010; Zbl 1247.92036)] that ca-morphisms also hold interest even when they are not unique. This paper gives a presentation of relative fixed points via a pair of adjoint functors\N\[\N\begin{array} [c]{ccc} & \overset{\mu}{\longrightarrow} & \\\N\mathsf{Coalg}_{F} & \perp & \mathsf{Alg}_{F}\\\N& \underset{\upsilon}{\longleftarrow} & \end{array}\N\]\NThe adjunction reveals the deep connection between relative fixed points and coalgebra-to-algebra homomorphisms. Algebras and coalgebras which have unique ca-morphisms going into or out of them have been studied extensively [\textit{J. Adámek} et al., Theor. Inform. Appl. 41, No. 4, 447--462 (2007; Zbl 1147.18001); Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 12077, 17--36 (2020; Zbl 1455.18001); \textit{V. Capretta} et al., Inf. Comput. 204, No. 4, 437--468 (2006; Zbl 1110.68068); \textit{P. B. Levy}, LIPIcs -- Leibniz Int. Proc. Inform. 35, 221--237 (2015; Zbl 1366.03244)]. However, the fixed points investigated in this paper are universal with respect to ca-morphisms which may not be unique. This paper studies the classifying objects for ca-morphisms in the context of the adjunction.
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