Relative hyperbolicity of graphical small cancellation groups
The paper under review establishes a geometric criterion of relative hyperbolicity for a class of groups defined by labelled graphs satisfying a graphical small cancellation condition. Specifically, the author proves that a group \(G(\Gamma)\) given by a graphical \(Gr'(1/6)\)-presentation is hyperbolic relative to the collection of label-preserving automorphism groups of the components of \(\Gamma\) if and only if all pieces in \(\Gamma\) have uniformly bounded length. The argument relies on the framework of asymptotically tree-graded spaces developed by Druțu-Osin-Sapir (see [\textit{C. Druţu} and \textit{M. Sapir}, Topology 44, No. 5, 959--1058 (2005; Zbl 1101.20025)]) and provides a characterization of the asymptotic cones of the Cayley graph of \(G(\Gamma)\) in terms of the embedded components of the defining graph \(\Gamma\).\N\NThe proof combines techniques from graphical small cancellation theory, asymptotic cones and Strebel's classification of geodesic diagrams. Key geometric properties of the system of embedded components (bounded projection, intersection and strong contraction) are verified to ensure that the collection satisfies the axioms for tree-gradedness in the asymptotic cone. The author further discusses examples illustrating the sharpness of the result and gives a corollary recovering hyperbolicity when the components of \(\Gamma\) have bounded diameter and finite automorphism groups.\N\NThe work complements and extends results by \textit{D. Gruber} and \textit{A. Sisto} [Ann. Inst. Fourier 68, No. 6, 2501--2552 (2018; Zbl 1483.20059)] and by \textit{G. N Arzhantseva} et al. [Groups Geom. Dyn. 13, No. 2, 579--632 (2019; Zbl 1512.20128)] on (relative) hyperbolicity and acylindricity of graphical small cancellation groups. It also raises new questions regarding the quasi-convexity of stabilizers and the graphical realization of relatively hyperbolic structures.
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