Residue methods in combinatorial analysis
The author combines and formalizes ideas of three approaches to combinatorial identities: (i) the theory of generating functions which is perhaps one of the earliest unified approaches; (ii) the theory of hypergeometric series which treats most binomial identities as special cases; (iii) Egorichev's method of integral representations of sums, when many combinatorial sums are represented as contour integrals and, taking residues before and after some operations, various combinatorial identities can be obtained. The key point of the view of the paper is that some operations, which are considered formal in generating functions, have in fact precise meaning in the language of algebraic geometry. The main idea is to replace classical residues defined by the analytic method with residues defined on local cohomology classes. The advantage is that cohomology residues work in more general context. They are defined for varieties over an arbitrary field -- algebraically closed or not and of arbitrary characteristic. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe author gives a lot of concrete applications of the method. He uses cohomology residues globally or locally and proves various combinatorial identities. Invariance of residues under change of variables gives rise to more identities and explains phenomena such as Lagrange inversion formula and Riordan array. Residues are analyzed to compute the diagonal of a rational power series. Further, the author deals with many classical numbers. He represents by residues Bernoulli, Fibonacci, Lucas, Euler, Genocchi, Stirling and Catalan numbers. Finally, extending the ground field, the author treats polynomial sequences as scalar sequences and applies cohomology residues to Laguerre, Hermite, Chebyshev and Lerch polynomials. He also considers congruences modulo prime powers and residue theorems for plane curves. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEBesides many known results, with new proofs obtained by the method of cohomology residues, the author establishes also identities which he is not able to locate in the literature. But, his opinion is that the methods of arriving to these identities is not less important than the identities themselves. The reviewer would like to mention that, although quite long, the paper is well organized, nicely written and pleasant for reading. It contains also a long list of references.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 0974.00036].
- On identities with polynomial coefficients
- Multivariate Riordan groups and their representations
- Method of generating differentials
- Des derivees de residus et une identite remarquable
- Residues for Akizuki’s one-dimensional local domain
- Some formulas related to residue method
- Formal residue and computer-assisted proofs of combinatorial identities
- New approach to the Lagrange-Bürmann theorem via omega calculus and applications
- On a class of combinatorial sums involving generalized factorials
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