Retractions and contractibility in hyperspaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2006.04.016MaRDI QIDQ864447zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Janusz J. Charatonik, Patricia Pellicer-Covarrubias

Publication date 9 February 2007

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2006.04.016

zbMATH Keywords

continuum contractible deformation retraction hyperspace

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hyperspaces in general topology (54B20) Retraction (54C15) Continua and generalizations (54F15)

Review text

The authors generalize some results obtained by the second author in a previous paper [\textit{P. Pellicer-Covarrubias}, Topology Appl. 135, 277--191 (2004; Zbl 1036.54002)]. A continuum is a compact connected metric space. Given a continuum \(X\), the hyperspaces considered in the paper are: \[ 2^X=\{A\subset X\mid A\;\text{ is nonempty and closed}\} \] and \[ C_k(X)=\{A\in 2^X\mid A \text{ has at most \(k\) components}\} \] topologized with the Hausdorff metric. Given a continuum \(X\), for every two positive integers \(k\) and \(m\), and \(B\in C_m(X)\), define \(\varphi_B: C_k(X)\to C_{k+m}(X)\) by \(\varphi_B(A)=A\cup B\). For a continuum \(X\) and \(B\in 2^X\), define \(\psi_B: 2^X\to 2^X\) by \(\psi_B(A)=A\cup B\). The authors' main results are: Theorem. Let \(X\) be a continuum and let \(k\) and \(m\) be positive integers. Then \(C_k(X)\) is contractible if an only if for each \(B\in C_m(X)\) there exists a map \(h: C_k(X)\times [0,1]\to C_{k+m}(X)\) such that \(h(A,0)=A\) and \(h(A,1)=\varphi_B(A)\). Theorem. Let \(X\) be a continuum. Then \(2^X\) is contractible if and only if for each \(B\in 2^X\), \(\psi_B\) is a deformation retraction. The authors present several corollaries to these two results.

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