Riesz basis for strongly continuous groups

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2010.07.020MaRDI QIDQ712173zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Hans Zwart

Publication date 28 October 2010

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.3447, https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/riesz-basis-for-strongly-continuous-groups(7705102c-a190-42b7-b86f-2e17ab3aa2bd).html

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvalueeigenvectorgroupRiesz basisRiesz familysemigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) Groups and semigroups of linear operators (47D03)

Abstract: Given a Hilbert space and the generator of a strongly continuous group on this Hilbert space. If the eigenvalues of the generator have a uniform gap, and if the span of the corresponding eigenvectors is dense, then these eigenvectors form a Riesz basis (or unconditional basis) of the Hilbert space. Furthermore, we show that none of the conditions can be weakened. However, if the eigenvalues (counted with multiplicity) can be grouped into subsets of at most $K$ elements, and the distance between the groups is (uniformly) bounded away from zero, then the spectral projections associated to the groups form a Riesz family. This implies that if in every range of the spectral projection we construct an orthonormal basis, then the union of these bases is a Riesz basis in the Hilbert space.

Review text

One of the main results of the paper is the following. Let \(A\) be the infinitesimal generator of the \(C_0\)-group \((T(t))_{t\in\mathbb R}\) on the Hilbert space \(H\). Denote the eigenvalues of \(A\) by \(\lambda_n\) (counting with multiplicity), and the corresponding (normalized) eigenvectors by \(\varphi_n\). If the following two conditions hold: 1. the span of the eigenvectors is a dense set in \(H\), 2. the point spectrum has a uniform gap, i.e., \[ \inf_{n\neq m}|\lambda_n-\lambda_m|>0, \] then the eigenvectors form a Riesz basis on \(H\). In fact, from the theorem it follows that all eigenvalues are simple. Then the author discusses a situation when non-simple eigenvalues may appear and the eigenvalues may cluster. As a consequence of these main results, an operator \(A\) satisfying the conditions of these theorems has a pure point spectrum and has a compact resolvent, i.e., \(A\) turns to be discrete.

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Cited in

(26)

• Strongly continuous groups, similarity and numerical range on a Hilbert space
• The expansion of a semigroup and a Riesz basis criterion
• Stability of an interconnected system of Euler-Bernoulli beam and wave equation through boundary coupling
• Resolvent of the generator of the \(C_0\)-group with non-basis family of eigenvectors and sharpness of the XYZ theorem
• Sharp polynomial bounds for certain C₀-groups generated by operators with non-basis family of eigenvectors
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