Rigidity of the Lie algebra of unimodular vector fields

Cohomology of Lie (super)algebras (17B56) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15) Cohomology of classifying spaces for pseudogroup structures (Spencer, Gelfand-Fuks, etc.) (58H10) Deformations of general structures on manifolds (58H15)

Review text

Every deformation theory is controlled by a suitable cohomology theory (Lie algebra cohomology in the present paper). The invariants classifying the infinitesimal deformations lie in the second cohomology group; if this group is 0, the given algebra is \textit{infinitesimally rigid}. For certain algebras, this group is non trivial, but the infinitesimal deformations cannot be extended to a formal deformation (nor to an algebraic deformation, what the authors call a \textit{true} deformation). The obstructions lie in the third cohomology group. The first section of the paper surveys deformation theory; a complete exposition can be found in \textit{M. Gerstenhaber} and \textit{S. D. Schack} [Algebraic cohomology and deformation theory, NATO-ASI Ser., Ser. C 247, 11-264 (1988; Zbl 0676.16022)]. In this paper, the authors deal with the Lie algebra \({\mathcal {SA}}(V)\) of unimodular vector fields on a compact manifold \(V\), restricting themselves to the so-called \textit{local cochains}. They prove that if the dimension of the manifold is different from 3, then \(H^2=0\), and hence the algebra is rigid. In dimension 3, \(H^2 \neq 0\), but the authors detail intricate analysis regarding the obstructions, proving that the infinitesimal deformations cannot be extended to formal deformations. Thus the algebra \({\mathcal {SA}}(V)\) is rigid in every dimension.

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