Roots in the mapping class groups

DOI10.1112/PLMS/PDN036MaRDI QIDQ3617280zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Luis Paris, C. Bonatti

Publication date 20 March 2009

Published in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0607278

zbMATH Keywords

surfaceconjugatepseudo-Anosovpunctures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General low-dimensional topology (57M99) Foliations in differential topology; geometric theory (57R30)

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is the study of the roots in the mapping class groups. Let $Sigma$ be a compact oriented surface, possibly with boundary, let $PP$ be a finite set of punctures in the interior of $Sigma$, and let $MM(Sigma,PP)$ denote the mapping class group of $(Sigma,PP)$. We prove that, if $Sigma$ is of genus 0, then each $finMM(Sigma)$ has at most one $m$-root for all $mge1$. We prove that, if $Sigma$ is of genus 1 and has non-empty boundary, then each $finMM(Sigma)$ has at most one $m$-root up to conjugation for all $mge1$. We prove that, however, if $Sigma$ is of genus $ge2$, then there exist $f,ginMM(Sigma,PP)$ such that $f^2=g^2$, $f$ is not conjugate to $g$, and none of the conjugates of $f$ commutes with $g$. Afterwards, we focus our study on the roots of the pseudo-Anosov elements. We prove that, if $partialSigmaeqemptyset$, then each pseudo-Anosov element $finMM(Sigma,PP)$ has at most one $m$-root for all $mge1$. We prove that, however, if $partialSigma=emptyset$ and the genus of $Sigma$ is $ge2$, then there exist two pseudo-Anosov elements $f,ginMM(Sigma)$ (explicitely constructed) such that $f^m=g^m$ for some $mge2$, $f$ is not conjugate to $g$, and none of the conjugates of $f$ commutes with $g$. Furthermore, if the genus of $Sigma$ is $equiv0(mod4)$, then we can take $m=2$. Finally, we show that, if $Gamma$ is a pure subgroup of $MM(Sigma,PP)$ and $finGamma$, then $f$ has at most one $m$-root in $Gamma$ for all $mge1$. Note that there are finite index pure subgroups in $MM(Sigma,PP)$.

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Cited in

(18)

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• Commensurability in Artin groups of spherical type
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• Open books decompositions of links of minimally elliptic singularities
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• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1567964 (Why is no real title available?)
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• On the monodromy of Milnor open books
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• The eventually distance minimizing rays in moduli spaces
• The Number of Pseudo-Anosov Elements in the Mapping Class Group of a Four-Holed Sphere

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