Security Aspects of the Authentication Used in Quantum Cryptography

DOI10.1109/TIT.2008.917697MaRDI QIDQ3604644zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jorgen Cederlof, Jan-Åke Larsson

Publication date 24 February 2009

Published in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0611009

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum cryptography (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P94) Authentication, digital signatures and secret sharing (94A62)

Abstract: Unconditionally secure message authentication is an important part of quantum cryptography (QC). In this correspondence, we analyze security effects of using a key obtained from QC for authentication purposes in later rounds of QC. In particular, the eavesdropper gains partial knowledge on the key in QC that may have an effect on the security of the authentication in the later round. Our initial analysis indicates that this partial knowledge has little effect on the authentication part of the system, in agreement with previous results on the issue. However, when taking the full QC protocol into account, the picture is different. By accessing the quantum channel used in QC, the attacker can change the message to be authenticated. This, together with partial knowledge of the key, does incur a security weakness of the authentication. The underlying reason for this is that the authentication used, which is insensitive to such message changes when the key is unknown, becomes sensitive when used with a partially known key. We suggest a simple solution to this problem, and stress usage of this or an equivalent extra security measure in QC.

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