Sequences of Singularly Perturbed Functionals Generating Free-Discontinuity Problems
This is a very interesting paper. From the Introduction: ``Many models in the fields of fracture mechanics and computer vision lead to free-discontinuity problems, that is, to the minimization of functionals defined in spaces of discontinuous functions (namely, BV and SBV) involving energies with a bulk part and a surface part concentrated along the (free-)discontinuity zone. This paper is concerned with the variational approximation in the sense of De Giorgi's \(\Gamma\)-convergence of such energies by smooth functionals defined in Sobolev spaces. More precisely, the present paper investigates the asymptotic behavior of the sequence \[ F_\varepsilon(u)\dot= \int_\Omega f_\varepsilon(|\nabla u|)\,dx+ (r(\varepsilon))^2 \int_\Omega \|\nabla^2 u\|^2\,dx,\tag{1} \] where \((f_\varepsilon)\) is any family of positive nondecreasing functions with a convex or convex-concave shape (i.e., there is \(x_\varepsilon> 0\) such that \(f_\varepsilon\) is convex in \([0, x_\varepsilon]\) and concave in \([x_\varepsilon, +\infty[\)). It is proved in the main theorem that the \(\Gamma\)-limits of (1) are related to the pointwise limits of \(f_\varepsilon(t)\) and of \(r(\varepsilon)f_\varepsilon(t/r(\varepsilon))\): if for an infinitesimal subsequence \((\varepsilon_n)\) we have (a) \(f_\varepsilon\to g\) pointwise, (b) \(r(\varepsilon_n) f_{\varepsilon_n}(\cdot/r(\varepsilon_n))\to b\) pointwise, then \((F_{\varepsilon_n})\) \(\Gamma\)-converges to a functional \(F\) defined on \(\text{BV}(\Omega)\) and is of the form \[ F(u)= \int_\Omega f(|\nabla u|)\,dx+ \int_{S_u} \varphi(u^+- ^-)+ C| D^c u|, \] where \(C\) possibly equal to \(+\infty\), \(f\) and \(\varphi\) are defined in terms of \(g\) and \(b\). Several consequences of the main result are discussed.
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