Serre's quantum problem

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This article is a survey, with essentially full proofs, of results concerning the structure of projective modules over quantum polynomial algebras. The starting point is the well-known theorem of Quillen and Suslin stating that projective modules over ordinary commutative polynomial algebras \(k[X_1,\ldots,X_n]\) are free (``Serre's Problem). This is no longer true when the field \(k\) is replaced by a noncommutative division ring \(D\) and \(n\geq 2\) [\textit{M. Ojanguren} and \textit{R. Sridharan}, J. Algebra 18, 501-505 (1971; Zbl 0223.16006)]. However, if \(D\) has infinite center then all projective \(D[X_1,\ldots,X_n]\)-modules of rank at least \(2\) are indeed free [\textit{J. T. Stafford}, Invent. Math. 59, 105-117 (1980; Zbl 0432.16011)]. The present article surveys corresponding results obtained, for the most part by the author, for the quantum polynomial algebras \(A=D_{Q,\alpha}[X_1^{\pm 1},\ldots,X_m^{\pm 1},X_{m+1},\ldots,X_n]\). Here, \(Q=\{q_{ij}\mid i,j=1,\ldots,n\}\subset D^\ast\) and \(\alpha=\{\alpha_i\mid i=1,\ldots,n\}\subset\Aut(D)\) are given data satisfying certain conditions so that the rules \(X_id=\alpha(d)X_i\) for \(d\in D\) and \(X_iX_j=q_{ij}X_jX_i\) define an associative multiplication on \(A\). Several open problems are mentioned.




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