Sine kernel asymptotics for a class of singular measures
A compactly supported positive measure \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb R\) has an associated sequence \((p_n)\) of orthonormal polynomials characterized by the properties that \(p_n(x)=c_nx^n+\) lower order terms with~\(c_n>0\) and the orthogonality relation \(\int_{\mathbb R}p_np_m \,d\mu=\delta_{m,n}\), and the Christoffel-Darboux kernel (the kernel of the projection operator onto the subspace of \(L^2_{\mu}(\mathbb R)\) of polynomials with degree less than \(n\)) is then given by \(K_n(x,y)=\sum_{i=1}^{n-1}p_i(x)p_i(y)\). For several reasons, including spectral properties of Hermitian matrices and the location of zeros of \(p_n\) on small scales as \(n\to\infty\), the detailed asymptotic behaviour of \(K_n\) is studied. In particular, those measures for which the `universality limit in the bulk' \(\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{K_n(x_0+\frac{a}{n},x_0+\frac{b}{n})}{K_n(x_0,x_0)}\) exists and is given by \((\sin(\pi\rho(x)(b-a)))/(\pi\rho(x_0)(b-a))\), where \(\rho(x)\) is the asymptotic density of the zeros of \(p_n\) at \(x\), are of interest. In this paper, a family of such measures are constructed that have this bulk property but (unlike the existing known examples) are purely singular with respect to Lebesgue measure. The measures are described using their `Jacobi recursion coefficients', using sparse Jacobi matrices to give explicit examples of discrete Schrödinger operators with singular continuous spectral measures.
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