Small-scale structure via flows
Let \(\Omega(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) denote the collection of closed subsets of \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\). On the one point compactification \(S^{n}\) of \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) let \(\mathfrak{T}\) denote the topology defined by the Hausdorff metric on the space \(\Omega(S^{n})\) of closed subsets of \(S^{n}\) . The space \(\Omega(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) is compact with respect to the topology induced by \(\mathfrak{T}\). On \(\Omega(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) one defines the scenery flow \(\{E_{t} \}\) by \(E_{t}(A) = e^{t}A\) for \(A\) \(\in \Omega(\mathbb{R}^{n})\). If \(A\) \(\in \Omega(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) contains the origin define \(\Omega_{A}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) to be the omega limit set of \(A\) with respect to \(\{E_{t} \}\). In general define \(\Omega_{A,z}(\mathbb{R}^{n}) = \Omega_{A-z}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) for every \(z\in \Omega\), and let \(\Omega(A,\mathbb{R}^{n}) = \bigcup_{z \in A}\Omega_{A,z}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\). The sets \(\Omega_{A,z}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\) for \(z\in A\) and \(\Omega(A,\mathbb{R}^{n})\) are invariant under \(\{E_{t} \}\). For example, if \(C\subset [0,1]\) is the standard Cantor set, then \(\Omega_{C}(\mathbb{R}) = \Omega_{C,0}(\mathbb{R})\) is a periodic orbit of the scenery flow with period log 3. The author considers several examples where the scenery flow on \(C\) for a suitable \(\{E_{t} \}\) invariant subset \(C\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}\) is related to a geometrically defined flow \(\{g_{t} \}\) on a space \(X\) and a map \(f : X\rightarrow C\) that intertwines the flows \(\{g_{t} \}\) and \(\{E_{t} \}\). It is frequently the case that the subset \(C\) is generated in some sense by a subset \(A\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}\) and the entropy of either \(\{g_{t} \}\) or \(\{E_{t} \}\) equals the Hausdorff dimension of the set \(A\). In one example let \(\mathbb{R}\) be regarded as the boundary of the upper half plane model \(H\) of the hyperbolic plane, and let \(\Gamma\) be a discrete, torsion free group of isometries whose limit set \(A\) is a proper subset of \(\mathbb{R}\). Let \(C\) be the union of the sets \(\gamma(A)\) as \(\gamma\) ranges over all isometries of \(H\). Let \(X\) be the unit tangent bundle of the surface \(H /\Gamma\). There is a finite to one map \(f : X \rightarrow C\) that intertwines the geodesic flow \(\{g_{t} \}\) on \(X\) and the scenery flow \(\{E_{t} \}\) on \(C\). The topological entropy of the scenery flow on \(C\) equals the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set \(A\). This result extends to geometrically finite Kleinian groups \(\Gamma\) of isometries of the \(n\)-dimensional hyperbolic space \(H^{n}\). Here the geodesic flow on the unit tangent bundle \(X\) of \(H /\Gamma\) is replaced by the frame flow on the bundle \(X\) of orthonormal frames of \(H^{n} / \Gamma\). An analogous result is also obtained for a hyperbolic Julia set \(J\subset \mathbb{C} = \mathbb{R}^{2}\) defined by a rational map \(f : \mathbb{C} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\). Other examples are also discussed. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1050.00008].
- Large-scale structures as gradient lines: the case of the Trkal flow
- Cantor sets are not tangent homogeneous
- On the dynamics of small-sized structures
- Scenery flow, conical densities, and rectifiability
- THE SCENERY FLOW FOR HYPERBOLIC JULIA SETS
- The scenery flow for geometric structures on the torus: The linear setting
- Quenched and annealed equilibrium states for random Ruelle expanding maps and applications
- Asymptotic self-similarity and order-two ergodic theorems for renewal flows
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