Smooth Finite Dimensional Embeddings

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Let \(X\) be a compact subset of a Hilbert space \(\mathbb H\), and let \(\mathbb G(\mathbb H)\) denote the set of all finite-dimensional linear subspaces of \(\mathbb H\) equipped with a suitable topology. The definition the authors adopt for the tangent space \(T_p X\) of \(X\) at a point \(p\in X\) is that of G. Glaeser, using the notion of paratingent cone. The main result is the following theorem: \(X\) admits a \(C^1\) embedding into a finite-dimensional Euclidean space if and only if the map \(TX: X\rightarrow \mathbb G(\mathbb H), p\mapsto T_p X\), is a quasibundle and the set of normalized secants of \(X\) has norm-compact closure. The authors also prove a structure theorem stating (roughly) that if \(X\) is compact and spherically compact with \(TX\) a quasibundle, then the stratum of \(n\)-dimensional points of \(X\) is contained in an \(n\)-dimensional \(C^1\) submanifold of \(\mathbb H\). For a chain of certain linear subspaces \(T_p ^n X\) ordered by inclusion and defined for every ordinal \(n\), the authors prove the following `` Stopping Theorem: Let \(X\) be compact and spherically compact with \(TX\) a quasibundle. If \(p\) is a point in \(X\) with \(\text{dim}T_p X = n\), then \(T_p X = T_p ^{n-1} X\). This result improves a similar result of \textit{G. Glaeser} [J. Anal. Math. 6, 1-124 (1958; Zbl 0091.28103)]. Smoothing theorems for compact subsets of Hilbert space and disjunction theorems for locally compact subsets of Euclidean space are also proved.











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