Solid varieties of semigroups

DOI10.1007/BF02573671MaRDI QIDQ1318964zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Klaus Denecke, Shelly L. Wismath

Publication date 24 October 1994

Published in Semigroup Forum (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/135313

hyperidentity hypersubstitution hypervariety lattice of varieties operation symbols solid varieties of semigroups type

Equational logic, Mal'tsev conditions (08B05) Lattices of varieties (08B15) Varieties and pseudovarieties of semigroups (20M07)

Review text

Let \(\tau = (n_ i)_{i \in I}\) be a type and \((f_ i)_{i \in I}\) operation symbols such that the arity of \(f_ i\) is \(n_ i\). Let \(W_ \tau(X)\) be the set of all terms of type \(\tau\) in an alphabet \(X\). A map \(\sigma: (f_ i)_{i \in I} \to W_{\tau}(X)\) is a hypersubstitution. If \(t \approx t'\) is an equation, then \(\Xi[t \approx t']\) denotes the set of all equations obtained from \(t \approx t'\) by hypersubstitution. The equation \(t \approx t'\) is a type \(\tau\) hyperidentity of an algebra \(A\) if \(A\) satisfies all the equations in \(\Xi[t \approx t']\). Similarly, an equation is a hyperidentity of a variety \(V\) if it is a hyperidentity of every algebra in \(V\). A variety \(V\) of type \(\tau\) is solid if every identity of \(V\) is also a type \(\tau\) hyperidentity in \(V\). It was shown by \textit{K. Denecke, D. Lau, R. Pöschel} and \textit{D. Schwiegert} [Contrib. Gen. Algebra 7, 97-118 (1991; Zbl 0759.08005)] that a variety is solid if and only if it is a hypervariety. This paper gives other results of this nature for algebras in general, and then turns to a study of solid varieties of semigroups. Many new examples of such varieties are given, and a picture of the bottom of the lattice of such varieties is produced.

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