Solutions of the two-level problem in terms of biconfluent Heun functions
biconfluent Heun equationclasses of Landau-Zenger, Nikitin and Crothershypergeometric functionsuper- and sublinear and essentially nonlinear level crossingsthree crossing pointstwo level model
Applications of hypergeometric functions (33C90) Nonlinear eigenvalue problems and nonlinear spectral theory for PDEs (35P30) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05)
In this paper a quantum mechanical two-level model \(U^*, \delta^*\) NEWLINE\[NEWLINE i\delta^*_z-\frac{U^*_z}{U^*}=2\frac{\varphi_z}{\varphi}+f,\quad U^{**}=\frac{\varphi_{zz}}{\varphi}+f\frac{\varphi_z}{\varphi}+g NEWLINE\]NEWLINE are investigated, where \(f\) and \(g\) are the coefficients of the biconfluent Heun equation. For this model five-four parametric classes are derived, permitting reduction of the initial problem to the biconfluent Heun equation. Three of these classes are generalizations of the well known classes of Landau-Zenger, Nikitin and Crothers. The authors show that two other classes describe super and sublinear and essentially nonlinear level crossings, as well as processes with three crossing points. For the essentially nonlinear cubic-crossing model, \(\delta_t\sim\delta_2t^3\), the general solution of the two-level problem as series of confluent hypergeometric functions is constructed.
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