Solving a final value fractional diffusion problem by boundary condition regularization

DOI10.1016/J.APNUM.2012.11.009MaRDI QIDQ1939316zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 4 March 2013

Published in Applied Numerical Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnum.2012.11.009

zbMATH Keywords

backward evolution problemconvergencediffusion processeigenfunctionsfractional derivativeinfinite seriesMittag-Leffler functionsnumerical experimentsregularization

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Series solutions to PDEs (35C10) Heat equation (35K05) Completeness of eigenfunctions and eigenfunction expansions in context of PDEs (35P10) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Ill-posed problems for PDEs (35R25) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Numerical methods for ill-posed problems for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M30)

Review text

The authors consider the following backward evolution problem \[ \begin{alignedat}{2} {2} \partial^\gamma u/ \partial t^\gamma&= \Delta u &&\text{ for } (x,t) \in \Omega \times (0,T),\\ u(x,t)&= 0 &&\text{ for } x \in \partial \Omega,~ t \in [0,T], \\ u(x,T)&= u_T(x) &&\text{ for } x \in \Omega \end{alignedat} \] in a domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^d\), where \(\gamma \in (0,1)\) and \(\partial^\gamma u/ \partial t^\gamma\) denotes the fractional Caputo derivative of \(u\). In the end condition only noisy data \(u_T^\delta\) are supposed to be available satisfying \[ \| u_T^\delta-u_T \|_{L^2(\Omega)} \leq \delta. \] Approximate solutions are obtained by replacing the end condition by the regularizing condition \[ \alpha u(x,0)+u(x,T)= u_T(x) \text{ for } x \in \Omega, \] where \(\alpha>0\) is a regularizing parameter. The regularized problem can be solved exactly in the form of an infinite series with products of Mittag-Leffler functions and eigenfunctions of the \(\Delta\)-operator. The authors prove the convergence of the method as \(\delta \to 0\) if \(\alpha=\alpha(\delta)\) is chosen suitably. An optimal choice of \(\alpha(\delta)\) is discussed. Some nice numerical experiments with \(\gamma=1/2\) and \(\Omega\) as a rectangular domain in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) are reported.

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