Some arithmetic properties of complex local systems

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A finitely presented group is said to come from geometry if it is isomorphic to the fundamental group of a smooth connected quasi-projective complex variety. The note describes some obstructions for a finitely presented group to come from geometry. Classical obstructions are connected with topology and Hodge theory. Beyond Riemann surfaces, that is, for dimension \(\geq 2\) varieties, understanding of this question is very limited. It is known, for instance, that any abelian finitely presented group \(\mathbb{Z}^b\oplus T\) comes from geometry, where \(T\) is a finite abelian group. The author discusses complex and \(\ell\)-adic local systems, étale fundamental groups, non-abelian Hodge theory, \(\ell\)-adic companions and integrity, weak arithmeticity and density.











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