Some new problems in additive combinatorics

Authors

Publication date 14 January 2021

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.1679

abelian group additive combinatorics divisibility permutation prime quadratic residue

Permutations, words, matrices (05A05) Combinatorial aspects of difference sets (number-theoretic, group-theoretic, etc.) (05B10) Combinatorial aspects of algebraic geometry (05E14) Additive bases, including sumsets (11B13)

Abstract: In this paper we investigate some new problems in additive combinatorics. Our problems mainly involve permutations (or circular permutations)

n

distinct numbers (or elements of an additive abelian group)

a_{1}, l d o t s, a_{n}

with adjacent sums

a_{i} + a_{i + 1}

(or differences

a_{i} - a_{i + 1}

) pairwise distinct. For an odd prime power

q = 2 n + 1 > 13

with

q o t = 25

, we show that there is a circular permutation

(a_{1}, l d o t s, a_{n})

of the elements of

S = a^{2} : a i n m a t h b b F_{q} s e t m i n u s 0

such that

a_{1} + a_{2}, l d o t s, a_{n - 1} + a_{n}, a_{n} + a_{1} = S

, where

m a t h b b F_{q}

denotes the field of order

q

. For any finite subset

A

of an additive torsion-free abelian group

G

with

| A | = n > 3

, we prove that there is a numbering

a_{1}, l d o t s, a_{n}

of the elements of

A

such that

a_1+2a_2, a_2+2a_3, ldots, a_{n-1}+2a_n, a_n+2a_1

are pairwise distinct. We also pose 30 open conjectures for further research.

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