Some remarks on a singular elliptic boundary value problem

Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65) Bifurcation problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K50) Boundary value problems on manifolds (58J32)

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Let \(\Omega\) be a smooth bounded domain in \({\mathbb R}^N\) and let \(\beta\) and \(\gamma\) be positive parameters. The paper deals with the study of positive solutions of the problem \(\Delta u-u^{-\gamma}+\beta f(x)=0\) in \(\Omega\), under the Dirichlet boundary condition \(u=0\) on \(\partial\Omega\), where \(f\geq 0\) is a smooth non-trivial function. A first result of this paper asserts that the above problem has no solution, provided that \(\gamma\geq 1\). \textit{J. I. Diaz, J. M. Morel} and \textit{L. Oswald} [Commun. Partial Differ. Equ. 12, 1333-1344 (1987; Zbl 0634.35031)] have proved that there exists \(\beta^*>0\) such that a solution of this problem exists for any \(\beta >\beta^*\), and the problem has no solution if \(\beta <\beta^*\). The authors also establish several results in the critical case \(\beta =\beta^*\). It is proved that the above problem has a solution if \(N\leq 2\). In the case \(N=1\), \(\gamma =1/2\) and \(f\) is a constant, the authors show that the solution is unique. However, multiple solutions are constructed when \(\gamma <1/3\). The last section of the paper contains several interesting open problems. The proofs are elementary and they are based on monotonicity methods for elliptic boundary problems.

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