Some remarks on rotation theorems for complex polynomials

Polynomials and rational functions of one complex variable (30C10) Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15)

Abstract: For any complex polynomial P having all its zeros in the unit disk, we estimate the rate of change of the argument P (z) when the point z runs through the boundary of this disk.

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Let \(P(z)=c_0+\ldots+c_n z^n\), \(c_n\not=0\), be an arbitrary complex polynomial with all its zeros in the closed unit disk \(\overline{\mathbb{B}}\), so \(|c_n|\ge|c_0|\). The main object under consideration in the paper is the rotation \[ \Lambda(P,z):=2\bigl(\arg P(e^{it})\bigr)'_t-n, \quad z=e^{it}, \quad P(z)\not=0. \] It is well known that \(\Lambda\ge0\). One of the main results of the paper is the following lower bound, which amplifies some previous results of the author. Precisely, the author shows that \[ \Lambda(P,z)\ge\frac{2(|c_n|-|c_0|)^2}{|c_n|^2-|c_0|^2+|\bar c_n c_1-c_0\bar c_{n-1}|}\,, \quad |z|=1, \quad P(z)\not=0. \] The equality is reached for the polynomials with all their zeros on the unit circle. A lower bound for \(\Lambda\), which involves the values \(P(z)\), is also presented.

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