Jacobsthal sums of prime order (Q1084131)

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Jacobsthal sums of prime order
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    Jacobsthal sums of prime order (English)
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    1986
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    Let \(p\) be an odd prime and let \(q=p^{\alpha}\), where \(\alpha\geq 1\). For \(a\in \mathrm{GF}(q)\) and \(e\geq 1\) the Jacobsthal sum \(\Phi_e(a)\) of order \(e\) is defined by \[ \Phi_e(a)=\sum_{x\in \mathrm{GF}(q)}\left(\frac{x}{q}\right)\left(\frac{x^e+a}{q}\right), \] where \((\frac{.}{q})\) is the Legendre symbol for \(\mathrm{GF}(q)\). The authors evaluate \(\Phi_e(a)\), for any odd prime \(e\), in terms of the solutions of an appropriate quadratic partition of \(q\).
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    evaluation
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    quadratic partition of primes
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    Jacobsthal sum
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    Legendre symbol
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