The self-dual Einstein-Weyl metric and classical solution of Painlevé VI (Q1282063)

The self-dual equations of the metric of a four-dimensional Riemannian manifold are partial differential equations, but if they allow the three-dimensional symmetry of SU(2)-action, they reduce to an ordinary differential equation, which is a Painlevé VI-type equation. In this paper, the author deals with the self-dual equations on the Bianchi type IX metrics: \(g=w_1w_2w _3(dt)^2+w_2w_3\sigma_1^2/w_1+w_3w_1\sigma^2_2/w_2+w_1w_2\sigma^2_3/w_3\) with the corresponding equations: \(\dot w_1= -w_2w_3+w_1(\alpha_2+\alpha_3)\), \(\dot w_2=-w_3w_1+w_2(\alpha _3+\alpha_1)\), \(\dot w_3=-w_1w_2+w_3(\alpha_1+\alpha_2)\), \(\dot \alpha_1=-\alpha_2\alpha_3+\alpha_1(\alpha_2+\alpha_3)\), \(\dot\alpha_2=-\alpha_3\alpha_1+\alpha_2(\alpha _3+\alpha_1)\), \(\dot\alpha_3=-\alpha _1\alpha_2+\alpha_3(\alpha_1+ \alpha_2)\). The self-dual equations reduce to a Painlevé VI-type equation. The generic solutions of Painlevé equations are transcendental, but if parameters satisfy certain conditions, then there exist one-parameter families of solutions expressed by first order equations and they are called classical solutions. A Painlevé VI-type equation admits at least three families of classical solutions which correspond to degenerate metrics. Since Painlevé VI has at most four families of classical solutions, then one more family of classical solutions may determine nondegenerate metrics. The author studies conditions for this fourth classical solution to correspond to a nondegenerate self-dual metric. Some of the classical solutions have special features in the context of isomonodromic deformations. The isomonodromic deformations of a Fuchsian equation are represented by Painlevé VI and if the Fuchsian equation is reducible, then the corresponding solution of Painlevé VI is classical. The author also studies conditions for this solution to correspond to the self-dual metric that is conformally equivalent to a Ricci-flat metric or admits an Einstein-Weyl structure.