\(J_1(p)\) has connected fibers (Q1419685)

Summary: We study resolution of tame cyclic quotient singularities on arithmetic surfaces, and use it to prove that for any subgroup \(H \subseteq (\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^{\times}/\{\pm 1\}\) the map \(X_H(p) = X_1(p)/H \rightarrow X_0(p)\) induces an injection \(\Phi(J_H(p)) \rightarrow \Phi(J_0(p))\) on mod \(p\) component groups, with image equal to that of \(H\) in \(\Phi(J_0(p))\) when the latter is viewed as a quotient of the cyclic group \((\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^{\times}/\{\pm 1\}\). In particular, \(\Phi(J_H(p))\) is always Eisenstein in the sense of Mazur and Ribet, and \(\Phi(J_1(p))\) is trivial: that is, \(J_1(p)\) has connected fibers. We also compute tables of arithmetic invariants of optimal quotients of \(J_1(p)\).