A Freiheitssatz for free products of pro-\(p\) groups (Q1858163)

The authors study the Freiheitssatz for free products of pro-\(p\) groups. For each \(i\in I\) let \(A_i\) be a pro-\(p\) group that can be represented as an inverse limit of finitely generated torsion free nilpotent groups and let \(F(J)\) be a free pro-\(p\) group on a set of free generators \(J\). Denote by \(A=(\coprod_{i\in I}^nA_i)\amalg F(J)\) their free pro-\(p\) product. Denote also by \(C(A)\) the Cartesian subgroup of \(A\), i.e., the kernel of the natural epimorphism of \(A\) onto \((\prod_{i=1}^nA_i)\times F(J)\). Put \(K=I\cup J\). Denote by \(C(A)^{(n)}\) the \(n\)-th term of the derived series of \(C(A)\) and put \(S_n=A/C(A)^{(n)}\). For each \(L\subseteq K\) set \(A_L=(\coprod_{i\in I\cap L}A_i)\amalg F(J\cap L)\) and \(S_{n,L}=A_L/C(A_L)^{(n)}\). The main theorems of the paper are: Theorem 1. Let \(G=\langle A\mid h_1,h_2,\dots,h_m\rangle\) be the pro-\(p\) group obtained from \(A\) by imposing the additional relations \(h_1,\dots,h_m\) that belong to the Cartesian subgroup \(C(A)\), where \(m<|K|\). Then there exists a set \(L\subseteq K\) such that \(|K\setminus L|\leq m\) and such that the quotient map from \(A\) to \(G\) induces an embedding of \(F_L\) in \(G\). In other words, the group \(G=\langle A\mid h_1,h_2,\dots,h_m\rangle\) satisfies the Freiheitssatz. Theorem 2. Let \(G_n=\langle S_n\mid h_1,h_2,\dots,h_m\rangle\) be the pro-\(p\) group obtained from \(S_n\) by imposing the additional relations \(h_1,\dots,h_m\) that belong to the Cartesian subgroup \(C(S_n)\), where \(m<|K|\). Then there exists a set \(L\subseteq K\) such that \(|K\setminus L|\leq m\) and such that for each integer \(n\geq 0\) the canonical epimorphism from \(S_n\) to \(G_n\) induces an embedding of \(S_{n,L}\) in \(G_n\).