On the set of positive solutions for resonant Robin \((p, q)\)-equations (Q2042408)

The paper deals with a parameterized Robin problem with \((p,q)\)-Laplacian, of type \[ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta_p u - \Delta_q u+\xi(z)u^{p-1}= \lambda u^{\tau -1 }+f(z,u) \quad \hbox{ in \(\Omega\)},\\ \displaystyle \frac{\partial u}{\partial n_{p,q}}+\beta(z)u^{p-1}=0 \quad \hbox{ on } \partial \Omega, \; u>0, \lambda>0, 1<\tau<q<p, \end{array} \right. \] where \(\Omega\) is a bounded, smooth domain in \(\mathbb{R}^N\). Here, \(\xi \in L^{\infty}(\Omega)\), \(\beta \in C^{0,\alpha}(\partial \Omega)\), with some \(\alpha \in (0,1)\), \(\xi, \beta \geq 0\) and the Carathéodory function \(f\) is resonant with respect to a nonprincipal variational eigenvalue of the operator \(u\mapsto - \Delta_p u+\xi(z)|u|^{p-2}u\); in the Robin boundary condition, the so-called conormal derivative corresponding to the \((p,q)\)-Laplacian is understood in the sense \(\displaystyle \frac{\partial u}{\partial n_{p,q}}=\left (|Du|^{p-2}+|Du|^{q-2} \right )\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}\), where \(n\) stands for the outward unit normal on \(\partial \Omega\). Under some appropriate conditions on the data, the authors prove that there exists \(\lambda^*>0\) such that the problem has zero, at least one or at least two positive solutions according to \(\lambda >\lambda^*\), \(\lambda =\lambda^*\) or \(\lambda \in (0, \lambda^*)\). Continuity properties of the solution multifunction are also provided.