De Finetti lattices and magog triangles (Q2227838)

Summary: The order ideal \(B_{n,2}\) of the Boolean lattice \(B_n\) consists of all subsets of size at most \(2\). Let \(F_{n,2}\) denote the poset refinement of \(B_{n,2}\) induced by the rules: \(i < j\) implies \(\{i \} \prec \{ j \}\) and \(\{i,k \} \prec \{j,k\}\). We give an elementary bijection from the set \(\mathcal{F}_{n,2}\) of linear extensions of \(F_{n,2}\) to the set of shifted standard Young tableau of shape \((n, n-1, \ldots, 1)\), which are counted by the strict-sense ballot numbers. We find a more surprising result when considering the set \(\mathcal{F}_{n,2}^1\) of minimal poset refinements in which each singleton is comparable with all of the doubletons. We show that \(\mathcal{F}_{n,2}^1\) is in bijection with magog triangles, and therefore is equinumerous with alternating sign matrices. We adopt our proof techniques to show that row reversal of an alternating sign matrix corresponds to a natural involution on gog triangles.