Partial orders in rings based on generalized inverses -- unified theory. (Q2261538)

In his paper [Linear Algebra Appl. 148, 237-263 (1991; Zbl 0717.15003)], \textit{S. K. Mitra} developed a unified theory for matrix partial orders based on generalized inverses; see also the monograph [\textit{S. K. Mitra} et al., Matrix partial orders, shorted operators and applications. Series in Algebra 10. Hackensack: World Scientific (2010; Zbl 1203.15023)]. A number of recently published papers consider various kinds of generalized inverses and their associated partial orders in rings. The authors see in this a need for a unified theory of partial orders based on generalized inverses in rings. They extend Mitra's approach to the so called FD-rings, a special kind of Dedekind finite rings, which generalize the rings of linear operators on finite-dimensional vector spaces. (An FD-ring is one in which \(e\sim f\) implies \(1-e\sim 1-f\) for arbitrary idempotents \(e,f\); a section is devoted to properties of such rings.) The main result: the necessary and sufficient condition that forces a G-based matrix relation to be a partial order [see op. cit.], holds true for an arbitrary FD-ring. Some other new results are also proved, and a number of known results are generalised. In particular, a new proof is provided to the fact that the G-based minus, sharp, core and dual core partial orders are indeed partial order relations.