Weakly and almost weakly stable \(C_0\)-semigroups (Q2379090)

The authors survey the known results on weak asymptotic behavior of \(C_0\)-semigroups and propose several ideas for further research. Let \(\{T(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) be a \(C_0\)-semigroup generated by the operator \(A\) on a Banach space \(X\). First, with regard to the almost weak stability, i.e., \(0\) is a weak accumulation point of the orbit \(\{T(t)x: t\geq 0\}\) for every \(x\in X\), the authors give several equivalent conditions, among which the classical characteristics ``no eigenvalues of the generator in the imaginary axis'' is stated. Next, sufficient conditions for weak stability are also given. Finally, by giving several examples (and counterexamples), the authors explain weak and almost weak stability and illustrate the fundamental difference between them.