Global axially symmetric solutions with large swirl to the Navier-Stokes equations (Q2469343)

The motion of a viscous incompressible fluid is considered in a bounded cylinder \(\Omega\). \[ \begin{aligned} &\frac{\partial v}{\partial t}+(v\cdot\nabla)v-\text{div\,}T(v,p) =f,\quad \text{div\,}v=0\quad x\in\Omega,\quad t\in(0,R),\\ &v\cdot n=0,\quad S(v)n\cdot\tau_i=0,\quad i=1,2,\quad x\in\partial\Omega,\quad t\in(0,R),\\ &v(x,0)=v_0(x),\quad x\in\Omega, \end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where \(v(x,t)=(v_1,v_2,v_3)\) is the vector of the velocity of a fluid, \(p\,(x,t)\) is the pressure, \(f(x,t)\) is the external force vector field, \(n\) is the unit outward normal vector to \(\partial\Omega\), \(\tau_i,\;i=1,2\) are tangent vectors to \(\partial\Omega\), \(T(v,p)=-\nu S(v)-pI\) is the stress tensor, \(S(v)\) is the rate deformation tensor. The axially symmetric solutions to problem (1) with nonvanishing azimuthal component of velocity (swirl) are studied. It is proved that there exist solutions which swirl is small in a neighbourhood close to axis of the cylinder and is large in some positive distance from it. Weighted spaces and fixed point theorem are used in the proof. This proof is quite different from one for the case of vanishing swirl.