Existence of positive solutions for a singular semipositone differential system with nonlocal boundary conditions (Q343453)

This paper discusses the solvability of the following system of boundary value problems \[ -x''=f(t,y(t))+q(t),\; t\in(0,1), \] \[ -y''=g(t,x(t)),\; t\in(0,1), \] \[ x(0)=H_1(\varphi_1(y)),\;x(1)=0,\;y(0)=H_2(\varphi_2(x)),\;y(1)=0. \] Here \(f,g:(0,1)\times[0,+\infty)\to[0,+\infty)\) are continuous and may be singular at \(t=0\) and \(t=1\), and \(q:(0,1)\to(-\infty,+\infty)\) is Lebesgue integrable and may have finitely many singularities in \([0,1].\) In addition, \(f(t,y)\) is nondecreasing in \(y\), \(\lim_{y\to+\infty}\frac{f(t,y)}{y}=+\infty\) for \(t\) uniformly on any closed subinterval of \((0,1),\) \[ f(t,y)\leq p(t)h(y),\;(t,y)\in(0,1)\times[0,+\infty), \] where \(p:(0,1)\to[0,+\infty)\) and \(h:[0,+\infty)\to[0,+\infty)\) are continuous, \(g(t,1)>0\) on \((0,1),\) \(0<\int_0^1G(t,t)g(t,1)dt<\infty\), where \(G\) is the Green function of the boundary value problem \[ x''=0,\;t\in(0,1),\;x(0)=0,\;x(1)=0, \] and there are constants \(\lambda_1\geq\lambda_2>1\) such that \[ c^{\lambda_1}g(t,x)\leq g(t,cx)\leq c^{\lambda_2}g(t,x)\;\text{for any}\;t\in(0,1)\;\text{and}\;x\in[0,+\infty), \] where \(0\leq c\leq1.\) Besides, \(\int_0^1q_-(t)dt>0\) for \(q_-(t)=\max\{-q(t),0\},\;t\in(0,1),\) the functions \(H_1,H_2:(-\infty,+\infty)\to(-\infty,+\infty)\) are continuous with \(H_1([0,+\infty)),H_2([0,+\infty))\subseteq[0,+\infty)\), \(\varphi_i:C[0,1]\to(-\infty,+\infty),i=1,2,\) are linear and can be realized as Stieltjes integrals with signed measures and there are linear functionals \(\varphi_{1,1},\varphi_{1,2},\varphi_{2,1},\varphi_{2,2}:C[0,1]\to(-\infty,+\infty)\) such that \[ \varphi_1(y)=\varphi_{1,1}(y)+\varphi_{1,2}(y)\;\text{and}\;\varphi_2(y)=\varphi_{2,1}(y)+\varphi_{2,2}(y). \] Under some additional assumptiuons, using fixed point index theory, the authors show that the system has at least one positive solution, that is, there is a \((x,y)\in C[0,1]\cap C^2(0,1)\times C[0,1]\cap C^2(0,1)\) which satisfies the system of boundary value problems and \(x(t),y(t)>0\) for \(t\in(0,1).\)