Homeomorphisms group of normed vector space: conjugacy problems and the Koopman operator (Q379546)

Let \(E\) be a finite-dimensional normed space and \(F\) an unbounded subset of \(E\). Denote by \(\text{Hom}(F)\) the group of self-homeomorphisms of \(F\). Two homeomorphisms \(f, g\in \text{Hom}(F)\) are said to be topologically conjugate if there exists \(h\in \text{Hom}(F)\), called a conjugacy, such that \(h\circ g= f\circ h\). It is a classical problem in dynamical systems to classify \(\text{Hom}(F)\) via topological conjugacy. The main contribution of this paper is to establish some connection between topological conjugacy for \(\text{Hom}(F)\) and spectral property for the associated Koopman operators. More precisely, let \(R\in C([0,\infty), (0,\infty))\) be a subadditive function. Denote by \({\mathcal E}_F^R\) the set of those functions \(\Phi\in C(F,[0,\infty))\) such that (i) \(\inf_F \Phi >0\), (ii) \(\lim_{x\in F, \|x\|\to+\infty} \Phi(x) =+\infty\), and (iii) there exist \(\beta > \gamma >0\) such that \(\gamma R(\|x\|) \leq \Phi(x) \leq \beta R(\|x\|)\) for all \(x\in F\). Then the closure \(K:= \overline{{\mathcal E}_F^R}\) is a cone in \(C(F,{\mathbb R})\) with non-empty interior. The Koopman operator associated with \(f\in \text{Hom}(F)\) is defined by \(U_f(\Phi) := \Phi\circ f\) for \(\Phi\in {\mathcal E}_F^R\). A function \(\Phi\in {\mathcal E}_F^R\) is a common generalized eigenfunction for \(U_f\) and \(U_g\) if \(U_f(\Phi) \geq \lambda \Phi\) and \(U_g(\Phi) \geq \mu \Phi\) for some \(\lambda>0\) and \(\mu>0\). Starting with such a common generalized eigenfunction \(\Phi\), the authors give in Theorem 4.3 a limiting construction for the conjugacy \(h\) between \(f\) and \(g\). Moreover, the connections with the classical Schröder equations and cohomology equations are analyzed. The present approach, from the point of view of functional analysis, gives new insight for topological conjugacy of homeomorphisms.