Linear preservers of g-row and g-column majorization on \(M_{n,m}\) (Q459268)

Let \(M_{n,m}\) be the set of all \(n\times m\) matrices with entries in \(\mathbb{F}\), where \(\mathbb{F=R}\) or \(\mathbb{F=C}\), and \(M_{n}=M_{n,n}\). A matrix \(R\in M_{n}\) is called g-row stochastic if \(Re=e\) where \(e=(1,1,\dots ,1)^{t}\). A matrix \(D\in M_{n}\) is called g-doubly stochastic if both \(D\) and \(D^{t}\) are g-row stochastic matrices. Let \(A,B\in M_{n,m}\). Then \(A\) is said to be: lgw-majorized (resp. rgw-majorized) by \(B\) and denoted by \(A\prec _{\text{lgw}}B\) (resp. \(A\prec _{\text{rgw}}B\)) if there exists a g-row stochastic matrix \(R\in M_{n}\) (resp. \(R\in M_{m}\)) such that \(A=RB\) (resp. \(A=BR\)); lgs-majorized (resp. rgs-majorized) by \(B\) and denoted by \(A\prec _{\text{lgs}}B\) (resp. \(A\prec _{\text{rgs}}B\)) if there exists a g-doubly stochastic matrix \(D\in M_{n}\) (resp. \(D\in M_{m}\)) such that \(A=DB\) (resp. \(A=BD\)); lgs-column (resp. rgs-row) majorized by \(B\) and denoted by \(A\prec _{\text{lgs}}^{\text{column}}B\) (resp. \(A\prec _{\text{rgs}}^{\text{row}}B\)) if every column (resp. row) of \(A\) is lgs- (resp. rgs-) majorized by the corresponding column (resp. row) of \(B\). Lgw-column \(\prec_{\text{lgw}}^{\text{column}}\) and rgw-row \(\prec _{\text{rgw}}^{\text{row}}\) majorizations are defined in a similar way. Let \(\prec \) be a relation on \(M_{n,m}\). A linear map \(T:M_{n,m}\rightarrow M_{n,m}\) is said to be a linear preserver (resp. strong linear preserver) of \(\prec \) if \(A\prec B\), \(A,B\in M_{n,m}\), implies \(T(A)\prec T(B)\) (resp. \(A\prec B\) if and only if \(T(A)\prec T(B)\)). In this paper, the authors study linear preservers and strong linear preservers of lgw, rgw, lgs-column, rgs-row, lgw-column, and rgw-row majorizations. The paper has three sections. In the second section, the authors characterize linear preservers and strong linear preservers \(T:M_{n,m}\rightarrow M_{n,m}\) of \(\prec _{\text{lgs}}^{\text{column}}\) or \(\prec _{\text{rgs}}^{\text{row}}\). They find in Section 3 possible structures of linear maps \(T:M_{n,m}\rightarrow M_{n,m}\) that preserve \(\prec _{\text{lgw}}\) or \(\prec _{\text{rgw}}\), and characterize linear preservers and strong linear preservers of \(\prec _{\text{lgw}}^{\text{column}}\) or \(\prec _{\text{rgw}}^{\text{row}}\).