Stability of embeddings for pseudoconcave surfaces and their boundaries (Q5928895)

Let \(M\) be a compact, strictly pseudoconvex, 3-dimensional CR-manifold. The CR-structure on \(M\) can be described as a subbundle \(T^{0,1} M\) of the complexified tangent bundle, with fiber dimension 1, such that \(T_p^{ 0,1} M\cap T_p^{1,0}M= \{0\}\) for \(p\in M\), where \(T_p^{1,0}M= \overline {T_p^{ 0,1}M}\). Such CR-structure is induced on a strictly pseudoconvex, real hypersurface in a complex surface or as the boundary of a 2-dimensional Stein space. In the latter case we say that the CR-manifold is embeddable. Assuming that \((M,T^{0,1}M)\) is an embeddable CR-manifold, the authors consider the set of all deformations of this CR-structure and investigate, among other things, the question whether the set of small embeddable deformations is closed in the \(C^\infty\)-topology. For that purpose, the authors introduce the notion of weak embeddability and almost embeddability for the pair \((X_-,Z)\), where \(X_-\) is a pseudoconcave surface and \(Z\) is a positively embedded, smooth, compact curve in \(X_-\). In fact, if the boundary of \(X_-\) is embeddable, then \((X_-,Z)\) is almost embeddable. The authors prove, as one of the main results, that the converse is also true: If \((X_-,Z)\) is almost embeddable, then \(bX_-\) is embeddable. Furthermore, the authors prove that almost embeddability is closed under convergence in the \(C^\infty\)-topology. From this, the authors show that the set of small, embeddable perturbations of the CR-structure on \(bX_-\) is closed in the \(C^\infty\)-topology for many new classes of CR-manifolds.