Quasi-normal spaces and \(\pi g\)-closed sets (Q5932737)

The authors introduce a new notion of \(\pi g\)-closed sets and use it for characterization and preservation theorems of quasi-normal spaces introduced by Zaitsev. For the considered topological spaces the authors require no initial separation axiom. A subset \(A\) of a topological space \(X\) is defined to be \(\pi g\)-closed if \(\operatorname{Cl} A \subset U\) whenever \(A\subset U\) and \(U\) is \(\pi\)-open in \(X\) (\(\pi\)-open means that the set is a union of finitely many regular open sets). The authors prove that \(\pi g\)-closed sets are preserved by finite unions but they are not preserved even by countable unions or finite intersections. A natural but nice characterization of extremally disconnected spaces via \(\pi g\)-closed sets is included: A space \(X\) is extremally disconnected iff every subset of \(X\) is \(\pi g\)-closed. The main theorem of the paper, in fact, is a characterization of quasi-normality by separating ``some kind of generalized closed sets'' by ``some kind of generalized open sets'' in several modifications, including the usage of the corresponding \(\pi g\)-notions. In the last part of the paper, the authors introduce two new notions of (almost) \(\pi g\)-continuous mapping and present several preservation theorems of quasi-normality via mappings having ``some kind of generalized continuous property'', including the case of (almost) \(\pi g\)-continuity.