Continuous images of sets of reals (Q5948946)

Assume \(\mathcal J\) is a \(\sigma\)-ideal of subsets of a Polish space \(Y\), \(\mathcal J\) contains all singletons and has a Borel basis. Define: \(\bullet\) non(\(\mathcal J\))=min\(\{|X|: X\subset Y \& X\not\in{\mathcal J}\}\); \(\bullet\) \(\text{NON}({\mathcal J})=\{X\subset {\mathbb R}:\) for every continuous mapping \(F: X\to Y\), \(F(X)\in{\mathcal J}\}\); \(\bullet\) \(\text{NON}^{\ast}({\mathcal J})=\{X\subset {\mathbb R}:\) for every continuous mapping \(F: {\mathbb R}\to Y\), \(F(X)\in{\mathcal J}\}\). (It is clear that \(\text{NON}^{\ast}({\mathcal J})\) consists of those sets whose uniformly continuous images are in \(\mathcal J\).) Let \(\mathcal N\) and \(\mathcal M\) be the ideals of measure zero and, respectively, meager subsets of the real line. The authors show the following: \(\bullet\) NON(\(\mathcal M\)) contains an uncountable set. \(\bullet\) It is consistent that \(\text{NON}^{\ast}({\mathcal N})=\text{NON}({\mathcal N})=[{\mathbb R}]^{\leq\aleph_0}\); \(\bullet\) It is consistent that \((\text{NON}^{\ast}({\mathcal J})=[{\mathbb R}]^{\leq\aleph_0}\) iff \(\text{non}({\mathcal J})<2^{\aleph_0})\).