On anti-endomorphisms of groupoids (Q6115002)

A set \(S\) equipped with a ternary operation \(f\) which satisfies a modified associativity (``skew-associativity'') \(f(f(x_1,x_2,x_3),x_4, x_5)= f(x_1,f(x_2,x_3,x_4),x_5)=f(x_1,x_2,f(x_3,x_4,x_5))\) for all \(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4,x_5\in S\) is called a \textit{semiheap}. It is proved that the set of all anti-endomorphisms of a groupoid \(G\) can be presented as a union of pairwise disjoint subsets of transformations, where each subset is determined by a mapping of \(G\) into a two-element set \(\{1,2\}\) (called \textit{bipolar anti-endomorphism types}). These representations provide a way to classify groupoids based on the classes of anti-endomorphisms that arise in this way. It is also proved that both of the two constant mappings determine either an empty subset or a subsemiheap of the semiheap of all anti-endomorphisms \((\mathrm{Aend}(G), q)\), where \(q(\alpha,\beta,\tau):=\alpha\cdot\beta\cdot\tau\) \((\alpha,\beta,\tau\in\mathrm{Aend}(G))\). Examples of both of these subsemiheaps are constructed.