Numerical and theoretical studies on the rational standard map at moderate-to-large values of the amplitude parameter (Q6165679)

The authors describe an exhaustive numerical and analytical investigation of the dynamics of a bi-parametric symplectic map, the so-called rational standard map, at moderate-to-large values of the amplitude parameter. This rational standard map is defined as \[\begin{pmatrix} \bar{x} \\ \bar{y} \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} x+y+K f(x; \mu) \\ y+K f(x; \mu) \end{pmatrix}, \quad f(x; \mu)=\frac{\sin x }{1-\mu \cos x}, \] where \(0 \leq \mu < 1\), \(K >0\). Firstly, the authors give several aspects of this rational standard map. Next, they provide a description of an analytical approximation of the maximum Lyapunov exponent based of some analytical and numerical assumptions. This maximum Lyapunov exponent depends on the parameters \(K\) and \(\mu\). They discuss the scenario for small or moderate values of \(K\) and later on for large values of this parameter. The authors obtain theoretical results in the limit of a nearly uniform distribution of the phase values. Correlations among phases lead to departures from the expected estimates. For this purpose, they give a detailed description of the role of stable periodic islands of periods 1, 2 and 4 as numerically and graphically. It is observed, using different methods, that the lack of a uniform distribution seems to be related to the presence of stability islands. Moreover, the authors provide the explicit approximations of the domains of the islands as well as the limiting behavior of the islands for large values of \(K\). The authors also focus on two different time-scales, the Lyapunov time and a macroscopical instability time associated to a diffusion process, which they call diffusion time. Finally, the authors show an experimental relationship between the Lyapunov and instability times. An analytical expression applies when correlations are irrelevant, which is the case, in general, for large values of the amplitude parameter.