A Montel type result for super-polyharmonic functions on \(\mathbb{R}^N\) (Q618789)

A function \(u\) on an open \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N\) (\(N\geq2\)) is called polyharmonic of order \(m\) in \(\Omega\) if \(u\in C^{2m}(\Omega)\) and \(\Delta^mu=0\) on \(\Omega\), where \(m\) is a positive integer, \(\Delta\) denotes the Laplacian and \(\Delta^mu=\Delta^{m-1}(\Delta u)\). We say that a locally integrable function \(u\) on an open \(\Omega\) is super-polyharmonic of order \(m\) in \(\Omega\) if the following assertions are true: (1) \((-\Delta)^mu\) is a nonnegative measure on \(\Omega\); (2) \(u\) is lower semicontinuous in \(\Omega\); (3) every point of \(\Omega\) is a Lebesgue point of \(u\). We write \[ M(f,r)=\frac1{\sigma_Nr^{N-1}}\int_{S(0,r)}f(y)\,dS(y), \] where \(\sigma_N\) is the surface area of the unit sphere, and \(S(x,r)\) is the sphere centered at \(x\) with radius \(r\). Let \(\varphi\) be a positive continuous function on \([0,\infty)\) such that \(r^{2-2m}\varphi(r)\) is nondecreasing. The main result of this paper is the following theorem. Theorem. Let \(\mathcal S_m\) be the set of all super-polyharmonic functions of order \(m\) in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) which are polyharmonic of order \(m\) in the open unit ball \(\mathbb{B}\). Let \(\{u_n\}\) be a sequence in \(\mathcal S_m\) such that \[ M\Big(\big((-1)^mu_n\big)^+,r\Big)\leq\varphi(r)\quad \text{for all }r>0\text{ and }n\,. \] If in addition \(\{u_n\}\) is uniformly bounded on a neighbourhood of the origin, then there exist a subsequence \(\{u_{n_j}\}\subset u_n\}\) and \(u\in\mathcal S_m\) satisfying the following assertions: (a) \(\{u_{n_j}\}\) converges to \(u\) uniformly on each compact set \(K\) with \(K\cap\overline{\bigcup_j\,\text{supp}(\mu_{n_j})}=\emptyset\); (b) for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^N\), \(\liminf_{j\to\infty}u_{n_j}\geq u(x)\); (c) there exists a set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}^N\) with \(\text{Cap\,}_{2m}(E)=0\) such that \(\liminf_{j\to\infty}u_{n_j}=u(x)\) for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^N\setminus E\); in case \(N<2m\), one may take for \(E\) the empty set.