Special subgroups of Bianchi groups

DOI10.4171/GGD/533MaRDI QIDQ2180191zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Michelle Chu

Publication date 13 May 2020

Published in Groups, Geometry, and Dynamics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.10503

zbMATH Keywords

Coxeter groupshyperbolic 3-manifoldsKleinian groupsvirtually special groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Structure of modular groups and generalizations; arithmetic groups (11F06) Reflection and Coxeter groups (group-theoretic aspects) (20F55) Fuchsian groups and their generalizations (group-theoretic aspects) (20H10) Topological methods in group theory (57M07) General geometric structures on low-dimensional manifolds (57M50)

Abstract: We determine C-special subgroups of the Bianchi groups of index bounded above by 120 by effectivising the arguments of Agol-Long-Reid. These subgroups are congruence of level 2 or 4 and retract to the free group on two generators. As a consequence, we find a C-special 20-sheeted cover of the figure-eight knot complement. We also determine C-special congruence subgroups for a family of cocompact arithmetic Kleinian groups.

Review text

A group \(G\) is \emph{special} if it embeds in a right-angled Artin group or in a right-angled Coxeter group. More generally, we say that \(G\) is \emph{virtually special} if it contains a special subgroup of finite index. Any fundamental group of a finite volume hyperbolic \(3\)-manifold is virtually special and this fact has remarkable applications in the topology of these manifolds. The paper under review addresses the natural task of finding effectively a special subgroup for a fixed virtually special group and estimating its index. The author has successfully solved this issue for an important class of arithmetic groups of \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})\) which includes the Bianchi groups. Indeed, the main result of the paper is the following: Let \(m\) be a square-free positive integer and \(\mathcal{O}_m\) the ring of integers of the quadratic imaginary field \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-m})\). The Bianchi group \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathcal{O}_m)\) contains an explicit congruence subgroup \(\Delta_m\) which is special and satisfies \begin{align*} [\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathcal{O}_m): \Delta_m]= & \begin{cases} 48 & \text{if }m\equiv 1,2 \mod (4) \\ 120 & \text{if }m\equiv 3 \mod (8) \\ 72 & \text{if }m\equiv 7 \mod (8) \end{cases} \end{align*} Using the geometry of right-angled Coxeter groups, she proves that for all \(m\), the special group \(\Delta_m\) retracts onto the free group on \(2\) generators. Using the same idea applied for Bianchi groups, she constructs explicit special subgroups of cocompact arithmetic groups of \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})\). The paper is well written and the reader almost does not need to search more references beyond the paper. The ideas of the proofs are made clear and explicit.

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Cited in

(7)

• One-cusped congruence subgroups of Bianchi groups
• Subgroups of Bianchi Groups and Arithmetic Quotients of Hyperbolic 3-Space
• Virtually special embeddings of integral Lorentzian lattices
• Effective virtual and residual properties of some arithmetic hyperbolic 3–manifolds
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4196277 (Why is no real title available?)
• Congruence RFRS towers
• Covers of surfaces, Kleinian groups and the curve complex

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