Spectral analysis of time changes of horocycle flows

DOI10.3934/JMD.2012.6.275MaRDI QIDQ456686zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 16 October 2012

Published in Journal of Modern Dynamics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1202.4640

commutator methods horocycle flow spectral analysis time change

Spectral theory; trace formulas (e.g., that of Selberg) (11F72) Dynamics induced by flows and semiflows (37C10) Dynamical systems of geometric origin and hyperbolicity (geodesic and horocycle flows, etc.) (37D40) Relations between spectral theory and ergodic theory, e.g., quantum unique ergodicity (58J51) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10)

Abstract: We prove (under the condition of A. G. Kushnirenko) that all time changes for the horocycle flow have purely absolutely continuous spectrum in the orthocomplement of the constant functions. This provides an answer to a question of A. Katok and J.-P. Thouvenot on the spectral nature of time changes for horocycle flows. Our proofs rely on positive commutator methods for self-adjoint operators.

Review text

Let \(M\) be a \(C^\infty\) manifold of dimension \(n\geq1\) with volume form \(\Omega\), and let \(\{F_{j,t}\}_{t\in\mathbb R}\), \(j=1,2,\) be \(C^\infty\) complete flows on \(M\) preserving the measure \(\mu_\Omega\) induced by \(\Omega\), and \(X_j\) the associated vector fields. Denote by \(H_j\) the generator of the strongly continuous unitary group \(\{U_j(t)\}_{t\in\mathbb R}\) in the Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\) and by \(\mathcal L_{X_j}\) the corresponding Lie derivative.NEWLINENEWLINE Consider a \(C^1\) vector field \(fX_1\) where \(f\in C^1(M)\cap L^\infty(M)\). By this, define a unitary group \(\{\tilde U_1(t)\}_{t\in\mathbb R}\) in the Hilbert space \(\tilde H\), the generator \(\tilde H\) and Lie derivative \(\mathcal L_{fX_1}\). Suppose that there exists a \(C^1\) isomorphism \(e\) such that NEWLINE\[NEWLINEU_2(s)U_1(t)U_2(-s)=U_1(e(s)t).NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINENEWLINE\medskip { Assumption 3.2.} [Time Change] The function \(f\in C^2(M)\) is such that \(f\geq\delta_f\) for some \(\delta_f>0\), the functions \(f\), \(\mathcal L_{X_1}(f)\), \(\mathcal L_{X_2}(f)\), \(\mathcal L_{X_1}(\mathcal L_{X_2}f)\) and \(\mathcal L_{X_2}(\mathcal L_{X_2}f)\) belong to \(L^\infty(M)\), and the function \(g:={e'(0)f-\mathcal L_{X_2}(f)\over 2f}\) satisfies \(g\geq\delta_g\) for some \(\delta_g>0\).NEWLINENEWLINE{ Theorem 3.5.} Let \(f\) satisfy Assumption 3.2. Then, \(H\) has purely absolutely continuous spectrum except at 0, where it may have an eigenvalue. NEWLINENEWLINE\medskip If \(M\) is compact, then Assumption 3.2 reduces to: NEWLINENEWLINE\medskip { Assumption 4.1.} The functions \(f\in C^2(M)\) and \(f-\mathcal L_{X_2}(f)\in C^1(M)\) are strictly positive. NEWLINENEWLINE\medskip { Theorem 4.2.} Let \(f\) satisfy Assumption 3.2 with \(e'(0)=1\) (or simply Assumption 4.1 if \(M\) is compact). Then, the self-adjoint operator \(\tilde H\) associated to the vector field \(fX_1\) has purely absolutely continuous spectrum, except at 0, where it has a simple eigenvalue.

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