Stacked bases theorem for Butler groups
It is well-known that if \(G\) is a free Abelian group and \(H\) is a subgroup of \(G\) with \(G/H\) a direct sum of finite cyclic groups, then \(H\) is `locally quasi-equal' to \(G\), that means that for all finite rank subgroups \(S\) of \(G\), \(H\cap S\) has finite index in \(S\). If \(G\) has a basis \(\{x_i:i\in I\}\) and \(H\) has a basis \(\{n_ix_i:i\in I\}\), then \(G\) and \(H\) have `stacked bases'. Cohen and Gluck proved a stacked bases theorem for free Abelian groups which answers a question of Kaplansky and recently there have been several generalizations of the stacked bases theorem [see, e.g., \textit{L.~Salce} and \textit{L.~Strüngmann}, Commun. Algebra 29, No. 6, 2575-2588 (2001; Zbl 1019.20022)]. Now, another natural generalization is to replace freeness by the property of being \(B_2\) which is investigated in this paper. Recall, that a torsion-free group of infinite rank is called a \(B_2\)-group, if for some ordinal \(\alpha\) there is a smooth well-ordered ascending chain of pure subgroups \(0=G_0<\cdots<G_\lambda<\cdots<G_\alpha=G=\bigcup_{\lambda<\alpha}G_\lambda\) with finite rank factors such that, for each \(\lambda<\alpha\) it holds \(G_{\lambda+1}=G_\lambda+B_\lambda\) with some finite rank Butler group \(B_\lambda\). Such a filtration is called a \(B_2\)-filtration. The main theorem now states, that given a \(B_2\)-group \(G\) and a subgroup \(H\) which is locally quasi-equal to \(G\) and \(G/H\) is a direct sum of finite cyclic groups, then \(H\) is also a \(B_2\)-group with a canonical (i.e. stacked) \(B_2\)-filtration induced by \(G\).
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