Statistical properties of quadratic polynomials with a neutral fixed point

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Abstract: We describe the statistical properties of the dynamics of the quadratic polynomials P_a(z):=e^{2pi a i} z+z^2 on the complex plane, with a of high return times. In particular, we show that these maps are uniquely ergodic on their measure theoretic attractors, and the unique invariant probability is a physical measure describing the statistical behavior of typical orbits in the Julia set. This confirms a conjecture of Perez-Marco on the unique ergodicity of hedgehog dynamics, in this class of maps.


The authors are interested in the asymptotic distribution of orbits of quadratic polynomials \(P_{\alpha} (z) = e^{2\pi \alpha i} z + z^2\) acting on the complex plane for irrational values of \(\alpha\). The main results of the article are stated as follows: (i) (Unique ergodicity) There exists \(N \geq 2\) such that for \(\alpha \in HT_N\), \(P_{\alpha} : PC(P_{\alpha}) \to PC(P_{\alpha})\) is uniquely ergodic, where \(HT_N\) means high type and \(PC\) is the postcritical set. (ii) For every \(\alpha \in HT_N\), if the Julia set of \(P_{\alpha}\), \(J(P_{\alpha})\), has positive Lebesgue measure, then the map \(P_{\alpha}: J(P_{\alpha}) \to J(P_{\alpha})\) admits a unique physical measure, which describes the behavior of almost every orbit in \(J(P_{\alpha})\). (iii) (Asymptotic cycles) When \(P_{\alpha}\) is linearizable at \(0\) for some \(\alpha \in HT_N\), every neighborhood of the Siegel disk of \(P_{\alpha}\) contains infinitely many periodic cycles of \(P_{\alpha}\). (iv) (Hedgehog dynamics) For every \(\alpha \in HT_N\) and every Siegel compacta \(K\) of \(P_{\alpha}\), the map \(P_{\alpha}: \partial K \to \partial K\). The above results confirm a conjecture of \textit{R. Pérez-Marco} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 26, No. 5, 565--644 (1993; Zbl 0812.58051)] on the unique ergodicity of hedgehog dynamics in this class of maps.











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